| Description | Tumbling "E" charts, also known as Illiterate "E" charts, feature the use of only one optotype. This makes testing illiterate and mute patients easier. The patient only has to gesture the direction they see the "E" facing. Also the design of the "E" | Continuous text cards simulate everyday tasks and activities that patients may encounter, such as reading the newspaper. This is important because it is the main part of everyday vision. Also, by testing with continuous text, doctors can establish a | This near point vision chart features two smaller groups of optotypes for repetitive testing. This is helpful because two groups will lessen the possibility of unwanted memorization while testing. Non memorization leads to more accurate vision | The Radner Charts are available in English, Spanish, Dutch, Swedish, Hungarian and German. A French and Portuguese version is under development. The Radner reading chart is a highly standardized multilingual reading test system that was | Front Features traditional Sloan optotypes that follow a "ETDRS 2000 Series" format including a combination of Charts 1 and 2. Near Point card uses Logarithmic acuity and includes distance equivalents in both meters and feet. Near Vision Card |