| Description | Tumbling "E" charts, also known as Illiterate "E" charts, feature the use of only one optotype. This makes testing illiterate and mute patients easier. The patient only has to gesture the direction they see the "E" facing. Also the design of the "E" | Continuous text cards simulate everyday tasks and activities that patients may encounter, such as reading the newspaper. This is important because it is the main part of everyday vision. Also, by testing with continuous text, doctors can establish a | HOTV optotypes are great for testing preliterate children 3-5 years in age. These optotypes are easily recognizable and can be taught to the child prior to testing. Also, test includes a response key for easier and more accurate testing. This chart | This Near Point card is great for testing pediatrics. Patti Pics optotypes are highly calibrated to Sloan optotypes and follow criteria such as the Snellen 5x5 grid, equal difficulty, equal blur at threshold, and high recognizability. Patti Pics are | The Radner Charts are available in English, Spanish, Dutch, Swedish, Hungarian and German. A French and Portuguese version is under development. The Radner reading chart is a highly standardized multilingual reading test system that was |